Date: August 15 2006
From: ProMED-mail <promed@promedmail.org>
Source: As.baikal.tv [trans. from Russian by Corresp. Natalia Pshenichnaya, edited] <http://as.baikal.tv/news/new.html?newsid=200607176>


Almost all crops of wheat are infected by cereal leaf rust, _Puccinia recondita_, in fields in the Ussolskiy, Cheremkhovskiy and Irkutsk districts of the Irkutsk region. It is one of the most widespread diseases of wheat. Experts from the regional station of Plant Protection warned about it last week [14 Jul 2006]. According to Galina Fedorova, the manager of the phyto-sanitary department, it is necessary to harvest fields urgently, otherwise about 40 percent of the crops may be lost. Now is the period when wheat is heading, therefore leaf rust is especially dangerous. "When infection occurs at heading and before grain has ripened, it will affect productivity
severely," explains Galina Fedorova. Hot and damp weather promotes the spread of rust. One way to control the disease is spraying with a special solution [fungicide - Mod.JAD] with the help of aircraft or sprays. It is an expensive procedure and is therefore accessible only to those who can afford it.

--
ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>

[The cereal crop plant wheat (bread wheat,_Triticum aestivum_ & durum wheat, _Triticum turgidum_), develops symptoms of leaf rust (aka brown rust) when infected with the fungus _P. triticina_ (aka _P. recondita f. sp. tritici_).

The Russian Federation is one of the largest wheat producers in the world, with a production area of up to 26 million ha. Among many fungal, viral and bacterial diseases, leaf/brown rust disease results in the greatest yield losses because it is found everywhere and takes away about 10 percent of annual yield. In epidemic years, yield
losses may be 50 percent and more. In various regions (Central and Southern Russia, East Siberia, Volga Region), brown rust epidemics develop frequently on both winter and spring wheat crops.

The use of resistant cultivars and fungicide treatments manage this disease in some major wheat production areas of the world, but it remains a major threat to wheat production elsewhere, as pointed out in this posting - Mod.JAD]

[The Irkutsk region is located in the south of Eastern Siberia, in Pribaikalye. The region comprises 7 679 sq. km (4.6 percent of all Russian territory). The region includes 33 areas (raions) and 22 cities. The Irkutsk region is larger than any Western European state. Its territory could contain Italy, Denmark, Belgium, Great Britain, Portugal and Holland combined. The region borders the Krasnoyarsk region in the west, in the east the Chita region, in the southeast and south the Republic of Buryatiya, and in the southwest the Tyva Republic. In the northeast, the border runs along the Republic Sakha (Yakutia), which is included in the structure of the Far Eastern economic region. The total extent of its borders exceeds 7240 km, including Lake Baikal, 520 km. - Corresp.NP]

Map:
<http://www.russiatrek.com/r_irkutsk.shtml#links>

Pictures:
<http://www.cdl.umn.edu/nomenclature/inf_set.jpg>

Links:
<http://tech-db.istc.ru/istc/sc.nsf/html/projects.htm?open&id=1721>
<http://www.crpmb.org/2004/1029sanin/>
<http://www.ars.usda.gov/Main/docs.htm?docid=9915>
<http://www.ext.nodak.edu/extpubs/plantsci/smgrains/pp589.pdf>
<http://www.ianrpubs.unl.edu/epublic/pages/publicationD.jsp?publicationId=310>
- Mod.JAD]

[see also in the archive:
2005
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Leaf rust, Septoria spp., wheat - Kazakhstan: corr. 20050825.2509
Leaf rust, Septoria spp., wheat - Kazakhstan 20050823.2488
2001
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Brown rust, wheat - Russia (E. Siberia) 20010724.1442]