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ProMED-mail post
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
July 9, 2004
From: European and
Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO)
Reporting Service 2004, No. 03 [edited]
2004/055
EPPO report on notifications of non-compliance (detection of
regulated pests)
The EPPO Secretariat has gathered the notifications of
non-compliance for 2003 received since the previous report (EPPO
RS 2004/018) from the following countries: France, Germany,
Israel and Netherlands. When a consignment has been re-exported,
and the country of origin is unknown, the re-exporting country
is indicated in brackets. When the occurrence of a pest in a
given country is not known to the EPPO Secretariat, this is
indicated by an asterisk (*).
The EPPO Secretariat has selected notifications of
non-compliance made because of the detection of regulated pests.
Other notifications of non-compliance due to prohibited
commodities, and/or missing or invalid certificates are not
indicated. It must be pointed out that the report is only
partial, as many EPPO countries have not yet sent
their notifications.
Pest / Consignment / Type of commodity / Country of origin / C.
of destination / nb
Bacterial pathogens:
_Xanthomonas axonopodis_ pv. _vesicatoria_ / _ Capsicum annuum_
/ Seeds / Poland / Germany / 1
_Clavibacter michiganensis_ subsp. _michiganensis_ /
_Lycopersicon esculentum / Seeds / China* / Germany / 1
Fungal pathogens:
_Fusarium_ ; _Helminthosporium solani_ ; _ Rhizoctonia solani_ ;
_Spongospora subterranea_ / Solanum tuberosum_ / Seed potatoes /
Scotland / Israel / 1
Nematode pathogens:
_Globodera_ / _Prunus cerasus_ / Plants for planting / Poland /
Netherlands / 1
Viral pathogens:
Tobamovirus / _Lycopersicon esculentum_ / Seeds / China / Israel
/ 1
Source: EPPO Secretariat, 2004-03. NPPO of the Netherlands,
2004-03.
[Note that _Clavibacter michiganensis_ subsp. _michiganensis_
was found in tomato seed originating in China. Strategies for
avoiding the disease include pre-season sanitation of all
equipment, pipes, containers etc., use of certified seed and
transplants, use of available tolerant cultivars, use of seed
that has been treated to inactivate the pathogen, rogue out
volunteer plants and solanaceous weeds near production
glasshouses, and crop rotation in tomato fields (3 years of
planting non-host crops). If disease occurs in glasshouses,
eradicate entire production. If disease is present in fields,
use appropriate bactericides, plow down the crop and incorporate
into soil for active decomposition.
A useful guide for managing Cmm in tomato: <http://www.nysipm.cornell.edu/publications/bacterial_dse.html>
- Mod.DH]
June 22, 2004
From: European and
Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO)
Reporting Service 2004, No. 05 [edited]
2004/081
EPPO report on notifications of non-compliance (detection of
regulated pests)
The EPPO Secretariat has gathered the
notifications of non-compliance, for 2004, received since the
previous report (EPPO RS 2004/055) from the following countries:
Algeria, Austria, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Greece, Guernsey, Ireland, Italy, Jersey, Netherlands,
Poland, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom.
When a consignment has been re-exported, and the country of
origin is unknown, the re-exporting country is indicated in
brackets. When the occurrence of a pest in a given country is
not known to the EPPO Secretariat, this is indicated by an
asterisk (*).
The EPPO Secretariat has selected notifications of
non-compliance made because of the detection of regulated pests.
Other notifications of non-compliance due to prohibited
commodities and/or missing, or invalid, certificates are not
indicated. It must be pointed out that the report is only
partial, as many EPPO countries have not yet sent
their notifications.
Pest / Consignment / Type of commodity / Country of origin / C.
of destination / nb
Bacterial pathogens:
_Clavibacter michiganensis_ subsp. _michiganensis_ /
_Lycopersicon esculentum_ / Seeds / India / France / 3
_Clavibacter michiganensis_ subsp. _sepedonicus_ / _Solanum
tuberosum_ / Ware potatoes / Poland / Slovenia / 23
_Ralstonia solanacearum_ [Rs] / _Solanum tuberosum_ / Ware
potatoes / Bangladesh / United Kingdom / 1
Rs / _Solanum tuberosum_ / Ware potatoes / Egypt / Greece / 1
Rs / _Solanum tuberosum_ / Ware potatoes / Egypt / Italy / 1
Rs / _Solanum tuberosum_ / Ware potatoes / Egypt / Netherlands /
5
Rs / _Solanum tuberosum_ / Ware potatoes / Egypt / United
Kingdom / 2
Rs / _Solanum tuberosum_ / Seed potatoes / Netherlands / United
Kingdom / 1
_Xanthomonas axonopodis_ pv. _vesicatoria_ / _Capsicum annuum_ /
Seeds / China / Italy / 2
Fungal pathogens:
_Fusarium_ / _Solanum tuberosum_ / Seed potatoes / Netherlands /
Cyprus /1
_Helminthosporium solani_ / _Solanum tuberosum_ / Seed potatoes
/ Netherlands / Cyprus /1
_Spongospora subterranea_ / _Solanum tuberosum_ / Seed potatoes
/ Netherlands / Cyprus / 1
_Monilinia fructicola_ / _Prunus persica_ var. _nectarina_ /
Fruits / Australia / France / 1
Nematode pathogens:
_Ditylenchus dipsaci_ / _Allium sativum_ / Bulbs / France /
Algeria / 1
_Globodera rostochiensis_ / _ Solanum tuberosum_ / Ware
potatoes_ / Sweden / Finland / 1
Viral pathogens:
Pepino mosaic potexvirus [PepMV] / _Lycopersicon esculentum_ /
Seeds / Chile* / France / 2
PepMV / _Lycopersicon esculentum_ / Vegetables / Spain / United
Kingdom / 1
PepMV / _Lycopersicon esculentum_ / Vegetables / Spain (Canary
isl.) / United Kingdom / 4
Plum pox potyvirus [PPV] / _Prunus persica_ / Plants for
planting / Poland / Netherlands / 1
PPV / _Prunus persica_ / Plants for planting / Serbia and
Montenegro / Netherlands / 1
Source: EPPO Secretariat, 2004-04.
[Most of the reports are concerned with bacterial pathogens
(9 reports), followed by viruses (5). Note that PepMV was
reported on tomato seeds from Chile which was unknown to seed
producers at the time. According to the International Seed
Health Initiative for Vegetable Crop's Manual of Seed Health
Testing Methods Detection, testing for PepMV on seeds is a
2-stage process: an ELISA, and, a bioassay, in that order.
During drying, storage, and, with disinfection treatments, the
majority of seed-borne PepMV virions degrade and lose
infectivity. Both infectious and non-infectious virus particles
are detected in ELISA. Hence, a negative (but not a positive)
ELISA result is conclusive on the seed health status of the seed
lot. In the bioassay, only infectious PepMV is detected. Hence,
both a negative and a positive bioassay result are conclusive on
the seed health status of the lot.
Authoritative reference for PepMV testing of tomato seed: <http://www.worldseed.org/pdf/Tomato-PepMV.pdf>
- Mod.DH]
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