A
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International Society for Infectious Diseases
February 23, 2006 From: ProMED-mail<promed@promedmail.org>
Source: American Phytopathological Society, Plant Disease Notes,
March 2006 [edited] <http://www.apsnet.org/pd/searchnotes/2006/PD-90-0377C.asp
>
Natural occurrence of chilli veinal mottle virus on
Capsicum chinense in China
J. Wang, Z. Liu, S. Niu, M. Peng, and D. Wang, State Key
Laboratory for Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Institute of
Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Tropical Agricultural Science, Haikou, Hainan, China 571101; and
Z. Weng and Z. Xiong, Division of Plant Pathology and
Microbiology, Department of Plant Sciences, University of
Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85749. Plant Dis. 90:377, 2006; published
on-line as DOI: 10.1094/PD-90-0377C. Accepted for publication 30
Dec 2005.
An outbreak of a viral disease on chili pepper (_Capsicum
chinense_ Jacp. cv. Yellow Lantern) occurred in Hainan Province,
China during 2003 and 2004. The disease was prevalent in 5
chili-producing counties surveyed. Leaves of infected plants
initially displayed symptoms of dark green banding along veins
and later became distorted with striking mosaic. Infected plants
had reduced flower numbers and fruit set, resulting in a
significant yield loss. The
causative virus was characterized and identified as Chilli
veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) (3). An isolate of the virus was
obtained via 3 single lesion passages through _Chenopodium
amaranticolor_ and was shown to reproduce the same symptoms on
inoculated _C. chinense_ cv. Yellow Lantern. Negative staining
of crude extracts of the infected tissue and subsequent electron
microscopy revealed flexuous rods of 12-13 x 750 nm, typical of
a potyvirus. Pinwheel-like inclusion bodies were abundant in
thin sections of infected leaves. Purified virus preparations
contained one major protein of 32.8 kDa and one minor protein of
28 kDa when fractionated by sodium dodecyl
sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Both of these
protein bands were excised and subsequently analyzed using
matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass
spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Multiple peptide fragments from
both proteins were identified as arising from ChiVMV capsid
protein (CP) (1,2). Therefore, the 32.8-kDa protein is the
full-length ChiVMV CP and the 28-kDa protein is presumably a
degradation product of the CP. The combined biological and
molecular data provided strong evidence that the viral disease
on _C. chinense_ was caused by ChiVMV.
To our knowledge, this is the first report of ChiVMV infection
on _C. chinense_ in China and the first report of _C.
amaranticolor_ as an experimental host for ChiVMV.
References: (1) P. Chiemsombat et al. Arch. Virol. 143:1855,
1998. (2). J. Joseph and H. S. Savithri. Arch. Virol. 144:1679,
1999. (3) P. Siriwong et al. Plant Pathol. 44:718, 1995.
--
ProMED-mail
<promed@promedmail.org>
[The aphid-transmitted potyvirus chilli veinal mottle virus
(ChiVMV) is reported here for the first time in chili pepper
(_Capsicum chinense_) in Hainan Province, China from samples
collected in 2003 and 2004. ChiVMV is one of the most
predominant viruses of peppers in Asia. Surveys in 16 Asian
countries have shown that 30 percent of pepper crops are
affected by this disease. Flower drop is normally severe
following infection with this virus and therefore crop loss can
be heavy. Growing transplants in insect-proof facilities,
avoiding weeds and other solanaceous crops (e.g. tomato),
planting early to avoid aphid flights, and using mineral oil
sprays are methods used in attempts to manage the disease.
_Capsicum chinense_, the crop plant infected, remains the least
understood of the domesticated pepper taxa with respect to
center of origin and its probable progenitor. Fruit shape can
vary from long and slender to short and obtuse. Fruit can be
extremely pungent and aromatic, with persistent pungency when
eaten. The best-known cultivars are the very hot Habanero
peppers, such as Scotch Bonnet. The see also section lists past
postings on viruses of pepper. This post is the first on ChiVMV.
Map:
Hainan Province, China.
<http://www.paulnoll.com/China/Provinces/Province-Hainan.html
>
Pictures:
Diseased peppers.
<http://www.avrdc.org/news/04chivmv.html
>
_Capsicum chinense_.
<http://www.chilepepperinstitute.org/Images/habanero2.JPG
>
Links:
<http://www.avrdc.org/pdf/pepper/ChiVMV.pdf
>
<http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/57010016.htm
>
<http://image.fs.uidaho.edu/vide/descr209.htm>
<http://www.g6csy.net/chile/var-chi.html
>
- Mod.JAD]
[see also in the
archive:
2005
----
Bell pepper leaf curl virus - Pakistan (Lahore) 20051022.3084
2004
----
Tomato leaf curl virus, chilli pepper - Pakistan 20040509.1255
Pepper golden mosaic virus, tomato - Mexico 20040214.0490
2003
----
Tobacco mosaic virus, pepper - USA (New York) 20030212.0376
2002
----
Broad bean wilt virus-1, pepper - Spain 20020707.4681
2001
----
Pepper mild mottle virus, pepper - USA (Florida) 20010720.1405]
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