Stuttgart, Arkansas
October 21, 2008
Source:
University of Arkansas,
Rice Research and Extension Center newsletter (Fall 2008)
by Dr. Karen Moldenhaurer and Dr. James Gibbons
 The
Division of Agriculture rice breeding program based at RREC
always has new breeding lines at various stages of development.
We grew foundation seed this year of breeding line 41182, which
originated from a cross made in 1998. And we have just finished
making hundreds of crosses that will produce improved breeding
lines over the next decade.
Lines 41182 and 61188 were both grown this year to produce
foundation seed for potential release to seed growers in 2009.
They both have had yield potential similar to that of Wells and
Francis in the Arkansas Performance Trials (ARPT) for the last 2
to 3 years.
In addition to high yield potential, 41182 has the major gene,
Pi-ta, which confers resistance to the common blast races in
Arkansas, and the minor genes necessary to be “moderately
resistant” to “resistant” to the race IE-1k.
Rice blast (Pyricularia grisea) can be a devastating disease in
Arkansas. Races IB-49 and IC-17 are currently the major races in
Arkansas, but as demonstrated in 2004 and 2005, race IE-1k may
become more of a problem. Race IE-1k has been isolated from
Banks fields in both years.
The parentage of line 41182 includes several varieties that are
familiar to rice producers: Drew, Newbonnet, Dawn, CI9695,
Starbonnet and Katy. This line had an average yield of 197
bu/acre in the ARPT 2005–2007, which is similar to Francis and
Wells at 202 and 199 bu/acre, respectively. Milling yields of
this line are better than Wells.
 Line
61188 has the longer and larger kernel size desired by the
industry. It was also grown as foundation seed in 2008 as a
potential release to Arkansas seed growers in 2009. It has high
yield potential, testing at 198 bu/acre, which compares
favorably with Wells and Francis, for the two years 2006-2007.
Even with the larger kernel, 61188 had a better milling yield
for the two years than Wells.
For those who appreciate the technical genealogy of rice
cultivars, line 61188 originated from the cross
Lagrue//Katy/Starbonnet/5/LaGrue//Lemont/Radiated Bonnet
73/3/LaGrue/4/Lagrue (cross no. 20001657).
An aromatic line is being considered as a potential future
release. It is a semidwarf and non-photoperiod-sensitive line,
and it can produce seed during the normal growing season in
Arkansas.
Many other lines in the program have improved characteristics,
and several were in head rows this season.
The line 81076 in being grown in head rows for possible
foundation seed production in 2009. It has originated from the
cross
LaGrue//Katy/Starbonnet/5/Newbonnet/Katy//RadiatedBonnet73/Lemont/4/Lebon-
net/CI9902/3/Dawn/CI9695//Starbonnet (cross no. 20001692).
Line 81076 yielded 215 bushel/acre in the 2007 ARPT compared to
Wells and Francis, which each yielded 185 bu/acre. Milling yield
averaged better than both Wells and Francis.
Another potential future release is line 71124. It is a very
early semidwarf similar to Spring in maturity. It has good blast
resistance and milling yield potential.
Three Clearfield lines were grown as head rows in 2008 and will
be considered for potential release to BASF this fall. One line,
IMI113, had very good yield potential in the 2007 ARPT. It is a
little taller and has the larger kernel size, but its milling
yield is not as good.
The other two, IMI091 and IMI055, are semi-dwarf lines with
better milling and acceptable grain yield. Lines IMI091 and
IMI055 yielded 182 and 164 by/acre, respectively, in a
Clearfield test at two locations, compared to CL161 and CL171-AR
at 100 and 153 by/acre respectively in the same test. These and
several other Clearfield lines will be evaluated further.
Data from the Arkansas Rice Performance Trials (ARPT) conducted
at Stuttgart, Keiser, Rohwer, Clay County, Pine Tree and Jackson
County in 2008 will be available in December in the Extension
Service Information Sheet, “Arkansas Rice Performance Trials,
2006-2008,” online at
http://www.uaex.edu, Agriculture, Agronomy, Rice |
|
Rice Research and Extension
Center (RREC), Stuttgart,
Arkansas is largest
U.S. location for
rice research |
|
Scientists from the University
of Arkansas System’s Division of
Agriculture and the USDA–ARS
Dale Bumpers National Rice
Research Center conduct
laboratory and greenhouse
studies and field experiments on
360 acres of research plots at
the Rice Research and Extension
Center.
In combination with the USDA
center located next door, RREC
is the largest rice research
location in the U.S. and is well
known worldwide. Students,
interns, and research and
industry professionals visit
frequently, staying from a day
to a few years. Research is also
conducted
on companion crops, including
soybeans, corn and wheat.
Research is applied and
production-oriented. There are
projects in plant breeding and
genetics, pathology, entomology,
agronomy, physiology and
economics. Extension faculty
disseminate research results and
demonstrate research
applications. Many projects
integrate several disciplines.
For example, the rice breeding
program includes not only the
breeders, but pathology,
entomology and agronomy as well.
All projects have very close
working relationships
with the greater rice industry.
The Arkansas Rice Research and
Promotion Board funds most
research.
Production of Foundation Seed is
another major function of RREC.
Each year, the seed produced on
several hundred acres of
intensively managed rice,
soybean and wheat is processed
at the Center’s seed drying,
cleaning and bagging facility.
This seed is of the highest
quality and is the basis for the
success of Arkansas’s seed
industry. |
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