Deliberate release into the
environment of GMOs for any other purposes than placing on the
market
Effect of apyrase activity on the tuber
yield and further agronomic traits in transgenic potato -
Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology |
Date of publication: November 25, 2004
Source:
http://gmoinfo.jrc.it/gmp_browse_geninf.asp
Notification
report
General information
Notification Number:
B/DE/04/157
Member State: Germany
Date of Acknowledgement:05/08/2004
Title of the Project: Effect of apyrase activity on
the tuber yield and further agronomic traits in transgenic
potato
Proposed period of release From:01/04/2005
To:30/11/2010
Name of the Institute(s) or Company(ies):
Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology;
3. Is the same GMPt release planned elsewhere in the
Community?
No
4 - Has the same GMPt been notified elsewhere by the same
notifier?
No
Genetically
modified plant
1. Complete name of the
recipient or parental plant(s)
|
Common Name
|
Family Name
|
Genus |
Species
|
Subspecies
|
Cultivar/breeding line
|
| potato
|
solanaceae |
solanum |
solanum tuberosum |
tuberosum |
Désirée |
2. Description of the traits and characteristics which have
been introduced or modified, including marker genes and previous
modifications:
- partial sequences from the apyrase 1 gene of Solanum
tuberosum in sense and antisense orientation to the B33 promoter
from Solanum tuberosum; sense and antisense sequences are
separated by an intron of the pyruvat-orthophosphate-dikinase
gene from Flaveria trinervia and thus form a sequence that acts
as an RNAi-structure when transcribed
- OCS terminator from Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- Nos promoter from Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- npt II (neomycin-phosphotransferase II) gene from Escherichia
coli
- Nos teminator from Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- The transgenic plant may contain further parts of the vector
pART27.
Genetic
modification
3. Type of genetic
modification:
Insertion;
4. In case of insertion of genetic material, give the source
and intended function of each constituent fragment of the region
to be inserted:
Potato plants were transformed with a plasmid containing an
RNAi construct for the apyrase 1 gene from Solanum tuberosum in
sense/antisense orientation to the promoter of the patatin gene
B33 from Solanum tuberosum, terminated by the OCS terminator
from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The expression of the apyrase
RNAi gene in the tubers of potato reduces the activity of the
apyrase enzyme in the tubers. Under greenhouse conditions, the
insertion of RNAi construct for the apyrase 1 gene of potato
results in an increased tuber yield. Potato plants further
contain the npt II gene from Escherichia coli under the control
of the Nos promotor and terminator from Agrobacterium
tumefaciens. The npt II gene was introduced as a selection
marker to facilitate the isolation of transgenic plants during
the transformation process. Plant cells expressing the npt II
gene show an increased resistance to the antibiotic Kanamycin as
compared to plant cells without npt II expression.
6. Brief description of the method used for the genetic
modification:
The RNAi construct for the apyrase 1 gene was cloned in the
binary vector pART27. The resulting vector was used to transform
Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58C1. Axenic leaf cuttings of
Solanum tuberosum cv. Desiree were incubated for 3 to 5 minutes
in a suspension of these genetically modified Agrobacteria.
Afterwards, these leaf cuttings were incubated on a shoot
induction media containing the antibiotic Kanamycin to select
for transformed cells and the antibiotic Cefotaxim or
Tricarcellin to destroy the Agrobacteria. Regenerating shoots
were transferred to a medium containing Cefotaxim or
Tricarcellin and cultivated for at least two passages under
these conditions.
7. If the recipient or parental plant is a forest tree
species, describe ways and extent of dissemination and specific
factors affecting dissemination:
not applicable
Experimental
Release
1. Purpose of the release:
Under greenhouse conditions, the potato plants that were
transformed with the RNAi construct of the apyrase 1 gene show
an increased tuber yield as compared to the untransformed
parental cultivar. The experimental release will provide data
whether this positive effect of a regulatory enzyme on tuber
yield can also be observed, when plants are subjected to the
natural diurnal and seasonal changes in environmental,
especially climatic parameters.
2. Geographical location of the site:
D-14476 Potsdam/Golm, Flur 1, Flurstück-Nr 955, State of
Brandenburg, Germany
3. Size of the site (m2):
A maximum number of 600 GM plants per year are planted on a
200 m² release site in a wider trial area of 77000 m²
4. Relevant data regarding previous releases carried out with
the same GM-plant, if any, specifically related to the potential
environmental and human health impacts from the release:
The GM plant has not been released before.
Environmental
Impact and Risk Management
Summary of the potential
environmental impact from the release of the GMPts:
In Germany, potato plants have a very low dispersal range and
do not survive outside agronomic environments. Potato does not
hybridise with any species growing wild in Germany. The low
survival rate in natural environments is mainly due to the very
low frost resistance of any part of the plant except seeds.
Frost resistance as a major limiting trait for the survival of
potato depends on a several genes which to our present knowledge
lack in the genome of the cultivated Solanum tuberosum. The
alteration of the activity of a single potato enzyme in the
transgenic plants is unlikely to increase the frost resistance.
Brief description of any measures taken for the management of
risks:
Potato has a very low dispersal capacity and does not
hybridise with any species growing wild in Germany. Thus, GM
potato can be isolated in the release site (= the area that is
planted with the GM potato) by keeping a minimum distance of 20
m between the GM potato and any potato cultivation that is not
monitored as stated below. This requirement is met by the
placing the release site accordingly on the test site. The
release site is monitored for volunteers during the growth
season of the year following the release. Any potato volunteer
on the release site are destroyed. The post-harvest survey is
repeated until the number of potato volunteers in the respective
release site is zero for one year.
Summary of foreseen field trial studies focused to gain new
data on environmental and human health impact from the release:
not applicable |
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